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| author | Sadeep Madurange <sadeep@asciimx.com> | 2025-12-07 18:29:02 +0800 |
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| committer | Sadeep Madurange <sadeep@asciimx.com> | 2025-12-07 18:29:02 +0800 |
| commit | 52a2f45e8d6566e398adb7e3a7d0adde71401c3e (patch) | |
| tree | 042d3838cfb7026658ec503d3352494fcf63bd2c /_site/projects/fpm-door-lock | |
| parent | 1c40e054254cda1a0685d811cb76d490b5d3a358 (diff) | |
| download | www-52a2f45e8d6566e398adb7e3a7d0adde71401c3e.tar.gz | |
Polish FPM post.
Diffstat (limited to '_site/projects/fpm-door-lock')
| -rw-r--r-- | _site/projects/fpm-door-lock/index.html | 27 |
1 files changed, 13 insertions, 14 deletions
diff --git a/_site/projects/fpm-door-lock/index.html b/_site/projects/fpm-door-lock/index.html index 96b1d2e..8557376 100644 --- a/_site/projects/fpm-door-lock/index.html +++ b/_site/projects/fpm-door-lock/index.html @@ -60,12 +60,12 @@ attached to the interior door knob. The MCU must be installed at the back of the door to prevent unauthorized users from tampering with it.</p> <p>When no one is interacting with the lock, the MCU is in deep sleep. The sensor -and the servo each draw 13.8 mA and 4.6 mA of quiescent currents. To prevent -this idle current draw, the MCU employs MOSFETs to cut off power to them before +and the servo each draw 13.8mA and 4.6mA of quiescent currents. To prevent this +idle current draw, the MCU employs MOSFETs to cut off power to them before entering deep sleep. Doing so is crucial for conserving the battery.</p> <p>Without power, the sensor remains in a low-power state, drawing approximately -2.9 μA through a separate power rail. When a finger comes into contact with the +2.9μA through a separate power rail. When a finger comes into contact with the sensor, the sensor triggers a pin change interrupt, waking up the MCU. The MCU activates a MOSFET, which in turn activates the sensor. Over UART, the MCU unlocks the sensor and issues commands to scan and match the fingerprint.</p> @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ page.</p> <h2 id="the-pcb">The PCB</h2> <p>For this project, I designed a custom PCB and had it fabricated by JLCPCB. Like -the software, the circuit is chiefly concerned with optimizing power +the software, the circuit is primarily concerned with optimizing power consumption and extending battery life.</p> <table style="border: none; width: 100%"> @@ -114,33 +114,32 @@ consumption and extending battery life.</p> </tr> </table> -<p>To that end, the principal components of the circuit are the 2N7000 and +<p>Consequently, the principal components of the circuit are the 2N7000 and NDP6020P field-effect transistors. They switch power electronically to the servo and the fingerprint sensor, the two most power-hungry parts of the circuit. The two MP1584EN buck converters play an axial role in efficiently regulating power to the MCU and the sensor.</p> -<p>The ATmega328P typically operates at 5 V with a 16 MHz crystal oscillator. To +<p>The ATmega328P typically operates at 5V with a 16MHz crystal oscillator. To further reduce power consumption, I modified the ATmega328P’s fuses to run at -3.3 V with an 8 MHz crystal oscillator.</p> +3.3V with an 8MHz crystal oscillator.</p> <p>The bottom right area of the PCB isolates the power supply of the servo from the rest of the circuit. This shields components such as the MCU from the -servo’s high current draw, which can exceed 1 A. The IN4007 diode in slot U2 +servo’s high current draw, which can exceed 1A. The IN4007 diode in slot U2 serves as a flyback diode, protecting the MOSFET from reverse currents generated by the servo.</p> -<p>Lastly, the 56 kΩ and 10 kΩ resistors in slots R10 and R11 form a voltage -divider circuit. Its output is fed to the ADC of the MCU, which measures the -supply voltage by comparing it to the internal bandgap reference voltage.</p> +<p>Lastly, the 56kΩ and 10kΩ resistors in slots R10 and R11 form a voltage divider +circuit. Its output is fed to the ADC of the MCU, which measures the supply +voltage by comparing it to the internal bandgap reference voltage.</p> <h2 id="epilogue">Epilogue</h2> <p>This project began nearly a year ago when I attempted to unlock our door wirelessly by writing to the UART ports of two MCUs connected to inexpensive -433 MHz RF transceivers, as if there were an invisible wire between them. -Although I failed, it led me down a rabbit hole of RF communications, MOSFETs, -PCB design, and low-power circuits.</p> +433MHz RF transceivers. Although I failed, it led me down a rabbit hole of RF +communications, MOSFETs, PCB design, and low-power circuits.</p> <p>During the project, I reinvented the wheel many times. I implemented a low-level network stack using only RF modules and an 8-bit microcontroller, |
